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Subcutaneous tissue, also known as the hypodermis, is a layer of tissue located beneath the skin. It is composed of connective tissue, adipose (fat) tissue, and blood vessels.
The subcutaneous tissue serves several important functions in the body. It helps to regulate body temperature by providing insulation and storing fat, which acts as an energy reserve. It also acts as a cushion, providing protection for the internal organs and underlying tissues.
The subcutaneous tissue also contains nerve endings and receptors that play a role in the sense of touch and temperature sensation. Additionally, it contains lymphatic vessels, which help to drain excess fluid and waste products from the tissues.
Several conditions can affect the subcutaneous tissue, including lipomas (benign tumors composed of fat cells), cellulitis (a bacterial infection of the skin and underlying tissues), and panniculitis (an inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue). Treatment for subcutaneous tissue disorders may involve medication, surgery, or other therapies, depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition.