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Ocular inflammation, also known as uveitis, is an inflammation of the uvea, which is the middle layer of the eye. It is a serious condition that can cause vision loss and other complications if left untreated. The uvea includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, which are responsible for regulating the amount of light that enters the eye, controlling the shape of the lens, and providing nutrients to the retina, respectively.
Symptoms of ocular inflammation include eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and floaters. It can affect one or both eyes and can be acute or chronic. There are different types of uveitis, depending on which part of the uvea is affected. Anterior uveitis affects the front part of the uvea and is the most common type, while posterior uveitis affects the back part of the uvea and can be more severe.
There are many possible causes of ocular inflammation, including infections, autoimmune disorders, trauma, and certain medications. It is important to diagnose and treat the underlying cause of uveitis to prevent complications such as glaucoma, cataracts, or retinal detachment.
Treatment for ocular inflammation usually involves the use of topical or systemic corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and prevent complications. Other medications, such as immunosuppressants or biologics, may be used in more severe or refractory cases. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat complications such as cataracts or retinal detachment.
In addition to medical treatment, lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and managing stress can also help reduce inflammation and prevent flare-ups. Regular eye exams are also important to monitor for any changes in vision or complications related to ocular inflammation.