“May all be happy, may all be healed, may all be at peace and may no one ever suffer."
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, genetic disorder that affects the brain, causing gradual loss of muscle control and cognitive function. It is caused by a genetic mutation on the huntingtin gene, and it is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means that an affected person has a 50% chance of passing the mutated gene to their offspring.
The symptoms of HD usually begin between the ages of 30 and 50, and they worsen over time. Early symptoms can include subtle changes in mood, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. As the disease progresses, more obvious symptoms may include involuntary movements, difficulty with speech and swallowing, and cognitive decline.
There is currently no cure for HD, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Medications may be prescribed to help manage movement and psychiatric symptoms. Speech and physical therapy can also be helpful in maintaining function and independence. Counseling and support groups can be beneficial for both the patient and their family members.
Because HD is a genetic disorder, genetic counseling and testing can be useful for individuals with a family history of the disease or those who are considering having children. A genetic counselor can help assess the risk of passing on the disease, provide information about genetic testing, and provide emotional support.