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Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise. People with bulimia nervosa often experience a sense of loss of control during binge episodes and feel ashamed or guilty afterwards.
Symptoms of bulimia nervosa may include:
Diagnosis of bulimia nervosa involves a comprehensive medical and psychological evaluation, which may include physical exams, laboratory tests, psychiatric assessments, and interviews with family members or other caregivers.
Treatment for bulimia nervosa usually involves a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and nutritional counseling. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a commonly used form of psychotherapy that aims to change distorted thoughts and behaviors related to food, weight, and body image. Medications such as antidepressants may also be prescribed to treat co-occurring mood or anxiety disorders.
Prevention of bulimia nervosa involves promoting healthy attitudes towards food, weight, and body image, as well as early identification and intervention for individuals at risk of developing the disorder. Education about healthy eating habits, stress management, and coping skills may also be helpful.