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Gonococcal urethritis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It affects the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder. Gonococcal urethritis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide and can be easily transmitted through unprotected sexual contact.
Symptoms of gonococcal urethritis can include painful urination, discharge from the penis (which may be yellowish, greenish or white), and swollen or tender testicles in men. In women, symptoms can be less noticeable or absent, but may include vaginal discharge, pain during urination, or pain during sexual intercourse.
If left untreated, gonococcal urethritis can lead to serious health complications, such as pelvic inflammatory disease in women, which can cause infertility or an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy. In men, it can lead to epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis, which can lead to infertility) or prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland).
Gonococcal urethritis can be diagnosed through laboratory tests, such as urine or swab tests. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, which are usually given in a single dose. Sexual partners of those diagnosed with gonococcal urethritis should also be tested and treated to prevent reinfection.
Prevention of gonococcal urethritis involves practicing safe sex, including the use of condoms during sexual intercourse. Regular testing for sexually transmitted infections is also important, especially for those who are sexually active.