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Muscles of breathing Diseases
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Muscles of breathing - Diseases

The muscles of breathing are the muscles involved in the process of inhalation and exhalation, which are essential for the respiratory system to function properly.

The primary muscles of breathing are the diaphragm and intercostal muscles:

  1. Diaphragm: This is a large, dome-shaped muscle located at the bottom of the ribcage. When it contracts, it flattens and moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and causing air to be drawn into the lungs.
  2. Intercostal muscles: These are the muscles located between the ribs. There are two types of intercostal muscles: the external intercostals and the internal intercostals. The external intercostals lift the ribcage, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and aiding in inhalation, while the internal intercostals pull the ribcage downward, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and aiding in exhalation.

Other muscles that may assist in breathing include:

  1. Abdominal muscles: These muscles, including the rectus abdominis, external and internal obliques, and transverse abdominis, help to compress the abdomen, pushing the diaphragm upward and aiding in exhalation.
  2. Sternocleidomastoid muscle: This muscle, located in the neck, can help to lift the ribcage, aiding in inhalation.
  3. Scalene muscles: These muscles, also located in the neck, can help to lift the upper ribs, aiding in inhalation.

All of these muscles work together to facilitate the process of breathing, allowing oxygen to enter the body and carbon dioxide to be expelled.



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