Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a mental health condition characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, an excessive need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. Individuals with NPD tend to have an inflated sense of self-importance and may believe they are superior to others. They may also have a sense of entitlement and require constant attention and admiration.

People with NPD may struggle with relationships due to their self-centered behavior and inability to empathize with others. They may become angry or defensive when their behavior is challenged, and may be prone to envy, arrogance, and manipulation. NPD can also be associated with a lack of emotional regulation and a tendency to react negatively to criticism.

The cause of NPD is not entirely clear, but it may be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including childhood experiences and trauma.

Diagnosis of NPD is typically made by a mental health professional based on a thorough evaluation of the person's symptoms and history. Treatment options for NPD may include psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and sometimes medication for associated symptoms such as depression or anxiety. However, individuals with NPD may be resistant to treatment due to their belief in their own superiority and lack of self-awareness.

Because the cause of narcissistic personality disorder is unknown, there's no known way to prevent the condition. However, it may help to:

• Get treatment as soon as possible for childhood mental health problems
• Participate in family therapy to learn healthy ways to communicate or to cope with conflicts or emotional distress
• Attend parenting classes and seek guidance from therapists or social workers if needed