Mood disorders are a group of mental health conditions that are characterized by persistent and significant changes in mood, emotion, and behavior. These disorders can affect individuals of any age, gender, or cultural background.

The most common mood disorders are major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and dysthymic disorder.

Major depressive disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. These symptoms may interfere with a person's ability to function in daily life and can last for weeks, months, or even years.

Bipolar disorder is characterized by episodes of depression and periods of elevated or irritable mood, known as manic or hypomanic episodes. During these episodes, a person may experience an increase in energy, activity levels, and risk-taking behavior.

Dysthymic disorder is a chronic form of depression that is less severe than major depressive disorder but may last for years.

Other mood disorders include seasonal affective disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

Treatment for mood disorders typically involves a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes. Medications commonly used for mood disorders include antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and antipsychotics. Therapy may include cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, or family therapy.

Lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and stress management techniques may also be helpful in managing mood disorders. In some cases, hospitalization or other intensive treatments may be necessary for individuals with severe symptoms or a high risk of self-harm or suicide.

For most people, mood disorders can be successfully treated with medications and talk therapy.