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Goiter, also spelled as goitre, is a medical condition in which there is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck, below the Adam's apple. The enlargement of the gland can be due to iodine deficiency, inflammation, or certain medical conditions such as thyroid nodules or cancer.
Symptoms of goiter may include a visible swelling or lump in the neck, difficulty swallowing or breathing, coughing, hoarseness, and in some cases, an overactive or underactive thyroid gland.
Treatment for goiter depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. If it is due to iodine deficiency, increasing iodine intake through diet or supplements can help reduce the size of the goiter. In some cases, medications such as thyroid hormone replacement therapy or surgery may be needed.