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Systemic sclerosis Generics
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Systemic sclerosis - Generics

Systemic sclerosis, also known as scleroderma, is a rare and chronic connective tissue disease that causes the thickening and hardening of the skin and connective tissues. It affects various organs in the body, including the lungs, heart, kidneys, and digestive system. The disease is caused by the overproduction of collagen, a fibrous protein that forms the building blocks of connective tissue. This excess collagen leads to scarring and damage of tissues, and can result in serious and life-threatening complications.

There are two main types of systemic sclerosis: limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis and diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis typically affects the skin on the fingers, face, and feet, while diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis affects the skin on the arms, legs, and torso. In addition to skin thickening, both types of systemic sclerosis can cause Raynaud's phenomenon, a condition in which the fingers and toes turn white or blue in response to cold or stress.

Symptoms of systemic sclerosis can vary widely, depending on the organs affected. In addition to skin changes and Raynaud's phenomenon, symptoms can include:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest pain
  • Dry cough
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Abdominal pain
  • Diarrhea or constipation
  • Kidney problems
  • Joint pain and stiffness
  • Muscle weakness

The cause of systemic sclerosis is not well understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The disease is more common in women than men, and typically develops in people between the ages of 30 and 50. There is currently no cure for systemic sclerosis, but treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Treatment for systemic sclerosis depends on the organs affected and the severity of the disease. Medications may be used to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation, or to improve blood flow to affected areas. Physical therapy and exercise can help improve joint mobility and muscle strength. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or replace affected organs.

Living with systemic sclerosis can be challenging, but there are many resources available to help manage the disease. Support groups, counseling, and other forms of emotional support can be invaluable for people with systemic sclerosis and their families. It is important for people with the disease to work closely with their healthcare providers to develop a comprehensive treatment plan and to receive regular monitoring for potential complications.


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