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Pediculosis capitis, commonly known as head lice infestation, is a parasitic infestation of the scalp hair caused by tiny insects called lice. The condition is most common in children, but it can occur at any age.
The symptoms of pediculosis capitis include itching, redness, and inflammation of the scalp. The lice themselves are small, wingless insects that are tan or gray in color and are usually found near the scalp, behind the ears, and at the nape of the neck. The lice lay eggs, called nits, which are small, oval, and yellowish-white in color and are attached to the hair shaft close to the scalp.
Treatment for pediculosis capitis typically involves the use of medicated shampoos or lotions that kill the lice and nits. It is important to carefully follow the instructions for use of these products and to repeat the treatment as directed to ensure that all lice and nits are eliminated. Combing the hair with a special fine-toothed comb (called a lice comb) can also help remove the lice and nits.
Prevention of pediculosis capitis involves avoiding close contact with people who have the condition and not sharing personal items such as combs, brushes, hats, and towels. Regular screening and early treatment of infestations can also help prevent the spread of head lice.