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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a type of lung infection that is acquired outside of a healthcare facility, such as in the community or at home. CAP is typically caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens that are transmitted through the air, and it can affect people of all ages, but is more common in older adults and people with weakened immune systems.
The symptoms of CAP can vary depending on the underlying cause of the infection, but may include:
Diagnosis of CAP typically involves a physical exam, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as a chest X-ray, blood tests, or sputum culture. Treatment for CAP depends on the underlying cause of the infection, but typically involves antibiotics, rest, and supportive care such as pain management and oxygen therapy if needed.
Prevention measures for CAP include vaccination against bacterial and viral pathogens that can cause pneumonia, maintaining good hand hygiene, avoiding exposure to cigarette smoke and other irritants, and seeking prompt medical attention for respiratory symptoms.