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Methotrexate is a medication commonly used to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases, and some skin conditions. However, methotrexate can also cause toxicity if not used properly.
Methotrexate toxicity can occur due to overdose or due to accumulation of the drug in the body over time. Symptoms of methotrexate toxicity can include nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, jaundice, fever, chills, and decreased urine output. More severe cases of toxicity can cause kidney damage, liver damage, bone marrow suppression, and even death.
To prevent methotrexate toxicity, it is important to use the medication only as prescribed by a healthcare professional. This includes taking the proper dose, monitoring blood tests to ensure proper levels, and avoiding interactions with other medications that can increase the risk of toxicity. Patients should also inform their healthcare provider if they experience any new or worsening symptoms while taking methotrexate.
If methotrexate toxicity is suspected, medical attention should be sought immediately. Treatment may include stopping or reducing the medication, supportive care such as fluids or blood transfusions, and in severe cases, hospitalization.