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Meningitis and brain abscesses are serious conditions affecting the brain and its surrounding tissues. Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, while brain abscesses are pockets of pus that form in the brain tissue. Both conditions can be life-threatening if left untreated.
The most common cause of meningitis and brain abscesses is bacterial infection, often resulting from the spread of bacteria from another part of the body, such as an ear or sinus infection. Other causes include fungal or viral infections, head injuries, or the presence of foreign objects in the brain.
Symptoms of meningitis may include fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea and vomiting, sensitivity to light, and confusion. In severe cases, seizures, coma, and death may occur. Symptoms of brain abscesses may include headache, fever, weakness, seizures, and changes in mental status.
Diagnosis of meningitis and brain abscesses may involve a physical exam, blood tests, imaging studies such as a CT scan or MRI, and a lumbar puncture to examine the cerebrospinal fluid.
Treatment for meningitis and brain abscesses usually involves hospitalization and administration of intravenous antibiotics to treat the infection. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to drain the abscess or relieve pressure on the brain.
Prevention of meningitis and brain abscesses can involve measures such as maintaining good hygiene, completing recommended vaccinations, and seeking prompt treatment for infections that may spread to the brain.