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Ischemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is a medical condition in which the blood flow to the heart is reduced or blocked, leading to damage or death of heart muscle cells. The most common cause of ischemic heart disease is the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle.
Symptoms of ischemic heart disease can include chest pain or discomfort (angina), shortness of breath, fatigue, lightheadedness, nausea, and sweating. These symptoms may occur during physical activity or stress, or they may occur at rest.
Diagnosis of ischemic heart disease may involve a variety of tests, including an electrocardiogram (ECG), stress tests, coronary angiography, and blood tests to assess heart function and risk factors for heart disease.
Treatment for ischemic heart disease may involve lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, losing weight, and getting regular exercise, as well as medications to control high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and other risk factors. In some cases, procedures such as angioplasty or bypass surgery may be necessary to restore blood flow to the heart.
Prevention of ischemic heart disease involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as eating a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and not smoking. It's also important to manage other medical conditions, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, that can increase the risk of heart disease. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can also help detect and manage risk factors for heart disease early.