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Herpes virus infections are caused by different types of herpes viruses, which can infect humans and cause a range of symptoms. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common cause of herpes infections. There are two types of HSV: type 1 (HSV-1), which usually causes cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth, and type 2 (HSV-2), which is typically associated with genital herpes.
Other types of herpes viruses that can cause infections include varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which causes chickenpox and shingles, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which causes infectious mononucleosis (mono) or "kissing disease." Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) are other types of herpes viruses that can cause infections, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Symptoms of herpes virus infections can vary depending on the specific virus and location of the infection, but can include painful blisters, rash, fever, and fatigue. There is no cure for herpes virus infections, but antiviral medications can help reduce the severity and duration of symptoms, and in some cases, prevent future outbreaks. Prevention strategies include avoiding close contact with infected individuals, practicing good hand hygiene, and using condoms during sexual activity to reduce the risk of transmission. Vaccines are available for chickenpox and shingles, which can help prevent these infections in individuals who have not previously been infected.