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Glaucoma surgery is a type of procedure that is performed to reduce the intraocular pressure (IOP) in the eye and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. Glaucoma is a progressive condition that can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated or uncontrolled, so surgery may be recommended if medications or other treatments are not effective in managing the condition.
There are several types of glaucoma surgeries, including trabeculectomy, tube shunt surgery, and laser trabeculoplasty. The type of surgery that is recommended will depend on factors such as the severity of the glaucoma, the patient's age and overall health, and other underlying medical conditions.
Trabeculectomy is the most common type of glaucoma surgery and involves creating a small hole in the sclera (the white outer layer of the eye) to allow excess fluid to drain out of the eye and reduce the IOP. This procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia and takes about 30-60 minutes.
Tube shunt surgery involves placing a small tube or shunt into the eye to help drain excess fluid and reduce the IOP. This procedure is typically reserved for patients with more advanced or severe glaucoma that has not responded to other treatments.
Laser trabeculoplasty is a non-invasive procedure that involves using a laser to target and treat the drainage system in the eye. This procedure is typically performed on an outpatient basis and does not require any incisions or sutures.
After glaucoma surgery, patients will typically need to use eye drops and follow a strict post-operative care plan to help ensure proper healing and prevent complications. It is important to attend all follow-up appointments with the eye doctor and report any changes or symptoms such as pain, redness, or vision changes.