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Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a rare inherited disorder that causes recurrent episodes of fever and inflammation, typically affecting people of Mediterranean descent. FMF is caused by mutations in a gene called MEFV, which is responsible for producing a protein called pyrin.
The symptoms of FMF typically include recurring episodes of fever, abdominal pain, chest pain, joint pain, and skin rashes. These episodes can last from a few hours to several days, and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as muscle pain, fatigue, and swelling.
The diagnosis of FMF is made based on a combination of symptoms, family history, and genetic testing. There is no cure for FMF, but treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent complications. This may include medications such as colchicine to reduce inflammation and prevent flare-ups, and other medications to manage symptoms such as pain and fever.
In addition to medication, lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and managing stress can also help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for people with FMF. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is important to monitor symptoms, adjust treatment as needed, and prevent complications.