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Head and neck cancer refers to a group of cancers that occur in the head and neck region, including the mouth, throat, nose, sinuses, salivary glands, and lymph nodes in the neck. These cancers can be caused by various factors, including tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, and infection with certain types of viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV).
Symptoms of head and neck cancer may vary depending on the location and stage of the cancer, but can include:
Diagnosis of head and neck cancer may involve physical exams, imaging tests, and biopsies of affected tissues. Treatment options for head and neck cancer depend on the location and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these approaches.
Prevention of head and neck cancer involves avoiding risk factors such as tobacco and excessive alcohol use, as well as practicing good oral hygiene and getting vaccinated against HPV. Early detection and treatment of head and neck cancer can improve outcomes and quality of life for affected individuals.