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Familial adenomatous polyposis Generics
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Familial adenomatous polyposis - Generics

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a rare genetic condition that causes the development of multiple polyps in the colon and rectum. Polyps are small growths that can become cancerous over time, and people with FAP have an increased risk of developing colon and rectal cancer.

FAP is caused by mutations in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene, which normally helps to control cell growth and division. These mutations cause the development of polyps in the colon and rectum, which can number in the hundreds or even thousands.

Symptoms of FAP can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and changes in bowel habits. If left untreated, FAP can lead to the development of colon or rectal cancer, usually by the age of 40.

Treatment for FAP typically involves regular screening to monitor for the development of polyps and cancer, as well as surgical removal of the colon and rectum in some cases to prevent the development of cancer. Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be used to help reduce the number of polyps that develop.

Genetic counseling and testing may be recommended for family members of individuals with FAP, as the condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning that each child of an affected parent has a 50% chance of inheriting the mutated APC gene.

Early diagnosis and treatment are important in managing FAP and reducing the risk of developing colon or rectal cancer. A healthcare professional can provide personalized recommendations based on individual needs and symptoms.


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