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Denture stomatitis, also known as denture-related stomatitis or chronic atrophic candidiasis, is a common condition that occurs in individuals who wear dentures. It is characterized by inflammation of the oral mucosa (lining of the mouth) underneath a denture. The condition is usually caused by a yeast infection (candidiasis) that results from a combination of factors, such as poor denture hygiene, ill-fitting dentures, and reduced salivary flow.
Symptoms of denture stomatitis can include redness and swelling of the oral mucosa, discomfort or soreness, and burning or itching sensations. In some cases, there may also be visible white or red patches on the mucosa. Denture stomatitis can be diagnosed through a physical examination of the oral cavity, and in some cases, laboratory tests may be performed to confirm the presence of a yeast infection.
Treatment for denture stomatitis typically involves improving oral hygiene practices, such as cleaning the dentures regularly and thoroughly, and removing them overnight to allow the mucosa to heal. Antifungal medications, such as topical or systemic azoles or nystatin, may also be prescribed to treat the underlying yeast infection. In severe cases or if the dentures are poorly fitting, a dentist may recommend refitting or replacing the dentures to ensure a better fit and reduce the risk of future infections.