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Ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) are two types of serious cardiac arrhythmias that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Ventricular tachycardia is a fast heart rhythm that originates in the lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles) and can cause symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, lightheadedness, and fainting. If left untreated, VT can deteriorate into VF.
Ventricular fibrillation is a chaotic, disorganized heart rhythm that prevents the heart from effectively pumping blood throughout the body. This can cause sudden cardiac arrest, which can be fatal within minutes if not treated promptly. Symptoms of VF can include loss of consciousness, no pulse, and no breathing.
Risk factors for VT and VF can include a history of heart disease or heart attack, electrolyte imbalances, drug use, and certain genetic conditions.
Treatment for VT and VF typically involves emergency interventions such as defibrillation (the delivery of an electrical shock to the heart), medications to stabilize the heart rhythm, and addressing any underlying medical conditions. In some cases, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) may be recommended to help prevent recurrent episodes of VT or VF.
If you experience any symptoms of VT or VF, it is important to seek emergency medical attention right away.