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Cancer therapy-induced hyperuricemia is a condition where the levels of uric acid in the blood become abnormally high as a result of cancer treatment. This condition can occur as a side effect of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and it can be a serious complication in cancer patients.
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy can cause the breakdown of cancer cells, which releases large amounts of uric acid into the bloodstream. When this occurs, the kidneys may not be able to filter the uric acid effectively, which leads to high levels of uric acid in the blood.
High levels of uric acid can cause a condition called gout, which is characterized by painful swelling in the joints. In severe cases, cancer therapy-induced hyperuricemia can also cause damage to the kidneys and other organs.
Treatment for cancer therapy-induced hyperuricemia typically involves medications that reduce the production of uric acid or increase its elimination from the body. These medications may include allopurinol, febuxostat, probenecid, or rasburicase.
In addition to medication, it is also important for cancer patients to stay hydrated and to avoid foods that are high in purines, such as red meat, shellfish, and alcohol. Dietary changes and hydration can help reduce the risk of gout attacks and kidney damage.
Patients undergoing cancer treatment should be closely monitored for hyperuricemia, and treatment should be initiated promptly if it is detected. Close collaboration between the oncologist and the patient's primary care provider is essential in managing this condition in cancer patients.