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Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a common heart rhythm disorder characterized by an irregular and often rapid heartbeat. It occurs when the heart's upper chambers (atria) experience chaotic electrical impulses, which cause them to quiver instead of contracting normally. This can lead to inefficient blood flow, and in some cases, the formation of blood clots that can travel to other parts of the body and cause serious complications such as stroke.
Symptoms of AFib may include palpitations (a sensation of fluttering or racing in the chest), shortness of breath, fatigue, and dizziness. However, some people with AFib may not experience any symptoms.
Treatment for AFib may include medications to control the heart rate and rhythm, such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, as well as medications to prevent blood clots, such as anticoagulants. In some cases, procedures such as cardioversion (a procedure to restore the heart's normal rhythm) or catheter ablation (a procedure to destroy small areas of heart tissue that are causing the irregular heartbeat) may be recommended.
Prevention of AFib may involve maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding excessive alcohol consumption, and managing stress. It is also important to manage any underlying conditions that may contribute to the development of AFib, such as high blood pressure or sleep apnea.