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Patent Foramen Ovale Diseases
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Patent Foramen Ovale - Diseases

Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a common congenital heart defect characterized by an opening in the septum (wall) between the left and right atria of the heart. Normally, this opening is present during fetal development to allow blood to bypass the lungs, but it usually closes shortly after birth. However, in some people, the opening remains patent or fails to close properly, which can lead to blood flow between the two atria.

Many people with a PFO may never know they have it, as it usually does not cause any symptoms or health problems. However, in some cases, a PFO can lead to the formation of blood clots that can travel from the veins in the body to the brain, causing a stroke. This can happen because the clot can pass through the PFO and travel directly to the brain, bypassing the lungs where it would normally be filtered out.

There are several treatment options available for people with a PFO who have had a stroke or are at increased risk of stroke, including medication to prevent blood clots and surgery to close the PFO. However, in many cases, the decision to treat a PFO will depend on several factors, including the size and location of the opening and the patient's overall health and medical history.


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