Postpartum preeclampsia is a rare condition that can occur in women within a few days to six weeks after giving birth. It is a type of high blood pressure that develops after childbirth and is related to preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication that can develop during pregnancy.

Symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia may include high blood pressure, swelling in the hands and face, headaches, vision changes, and abdominal pain. In severe cases, postpartum preeclampsia can cause seizures, a condition known as eclampsia, which is a medical emergency.

The exact causes of postpartum preeclampsia are not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to changes in hormones and blood vessels that occur during pregnancy. Risk factors for postpartum preeclampsia include a history of high blood pressure, gestational hypertension or preeclampsia during pregnancy, multiple pregnancies, obesity, and advanced maternal age.

Treatment for postpartum preeclampsia typically involves medications to lower blood pressure and prevent seizures, such as magnesium sulfate. In some cases, hospitalization may be required for monitoring and treatment.

It is important for women to seek medical attention immediately if they experience symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia, as prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes. Women who have a history of preeclampsia or other high-risk factors should discuss their risk for postpartum preeclampsia with their healthcare provider and develop a plan for monitoring and managing their blood pressure after childbirth.

The causes of postpartum preeclampsia and preeclampsia that occurs during pregnancy aren't well understood.

Your doctor may:

• Discuss the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia with you
• Recommend taking baby aspirin (81 milligrams) to prevent preeclampsia during your next pregnancy
• Encourage you to have an active lifestyle and to eat a healthy diet

Postpartum preeclampsia may be treated with medication, including:

• Medication to lower high blood pressure. If your blood pressure is dangerously high, your health care provider might prescribe a medication to lower your blood pressure (antihypertensive medication).
• Medication to prevent seizures. Magnesium sulfate can help prevent seizures in women with postpartum preeclampsia who have severe signs and symptoms. Magnesium sulfate is typically taken for 24 hours. After treatment with magnesium sulfate, your health care provider will closely monitor your blood pressure, urination and other symptoms.

If you're breastfeeding, it's generally considered safe to breastfeed while taking these medications. Ask your health care provider if you have any questions or you're not sure.