Double uterus, also known as uterine didelphys, is a rare condition where a woman is born with two separate uterus and cervixes. Each uterus has its own separate muscular walls and may have its own separate vagina or share a common one.

Women with a double uterus may not experience any symptoms, and the condition may go undetected until a routine pelvic examination or ultrasound is performed. In other cases, women with uterine didelphys may experience:

• Pain during menstruation due to the smaller size of each uterus, which can cause more cramping
• Increased risk of miscarriage, preterm labor, and breech presentation due to the smaller size of each uterus and the increased risk of abnormal fetal positioning
• Increased risk of infertility, as the condition can make it more difficult for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg
• Increased risk of complications during pregnancy and delivery, such as premature birth, bleeding, and the need for a cesarean delivery

Treatment for uterine didelphys depends on the severity of the condition and the presence of any associated complications. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. However, in cases where the condition causes pain, infertility, or pregnancy complications, surgery or other interventions may be recommended. Women with uterine didelphys should work closely with their healthcare providers to monitor the condition and manage any associated complications.

Doctors aren't certain why some fetuses develop a double uterus and others don't. A genetic component may be a factor because this rare condition sometimes runs in families.

If you have a double uterus but you don't have signs or symptoms, treatment is rarely needed. Surgery to unite a double uterus is rarely done — although surgery may help you keep a pregnancy if you have a partial division within your uterus and no other medical explanation for a previous pregnancy loss.

If you have a double vagina in addition to a double uterus, you might be a candidate for an operation that would remove the wall of tissue separating the two vaginas. This can make childbirth a little easier.