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Wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) is a chronic eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina, causing progressive and irreversible loss of central vision. Wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina, causing bleeding, swelling, and scarring.
Symptoms of wet AMD may include distortion or blurring of central vision, a dark or empty spot in the center of vision, and difficulty reading or recognizing faces. Wet AMD can progress rapidly, leading to severe visual impairment or blindness if left untreated.
Treatment for wet AMD usually involves injections of medications into the eye that can help to slow or stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels and reduce the associated swelling and bleeding. These medications are called anti-VEGF drugs, and they work by blocking the growth of the blood vessels that cause the damage. Other treatments for wet AMD may include laser therapy, photodynamic therapy, or a combination of these treatments.
Prevention of wet AMD involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, eating a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, avoiding smoking, and protecting the eyes from harmful UV light by wearing sunglasses and hats. Regular eye exams are also important, especially for people who are at risk for AMD due to age, family history, or other factors.