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Vitamin A deficiency occurs when there is insufficient intake or absorption of vitamin A in the body. Vitamin A is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy vision, immune function, and skin health. It is found in animal products such as liver, eggs, and dairy, as well as in plant sources such as carrots, sweet potatoes, and spinach.
Symptoms of vitamin A deficiency may include:
Severe vitamin A deficiency can lead to a condition called xerophthalmia, which is characterized by the drying and hardening of the cornea and can lead to blindness if left untreated.
Vitamin A deficiency can be diagnosed through blood tests that measure levels of vitamin A in the body. Treatment typically involves increasing intake of vitamin A through dietary sources or supplementation, particularly in individuals at high risk of deficiency such as pregnant and lactating women and young children.
Prevention measures for vitamin A deficiency include consuming a balanced diet that includes vitamin A-rich foods, particularly in regions where deficiency is common. Vitamin A supplementation programs may also be implemented in high-risk populations to help prevent deficiency and its associated health consequences.