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Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can be caused by a variety of different pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Pneumococcal pneumonia is a type of bacterial pneumonia caused by the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium, also known as pneumococcus.
Uncomplicated pneumococcal pneumonia refers to a mild to moderate infection of the lungs that does not involve complications such as sepsis, pleural effusion, or respiratory failure. Common symptoms of uncomplicated pneumococcal pneumonia include cough, fever, chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Other symptoms may include chills, sweating, headache, and muscle pain.
Diagnosis of uncomplicated pneumococcal pneumonia typically involves a physical exam, chest X-ray, and blood tests. Treatment may involve antibiotics, rest, and supportive care, such as increased fluid intake and oxygen therapy if needed. In most cases, uncomplicated pneumococcal pneumonia can be treated successfully with appropriate medical care, although it can be more serious in young children, the elderly, and individuals with compromised immune systems.
Prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia is possible through vaccination. The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) are two types of vaccines that can provide protection against different types of pneumococcal bacteria. Vaccination is especially recommended for individuals who are at higher risk of developing severe complications from pneumococcal infections, including young children, the elderly, and individuals with certain underlying medical conditions.