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Rat-bite fever (RBF) is a bacterial infection caused by two types of bacteria: Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillum minus. It can be transmitted to humans through the bite or scratch of an infected rodent, or by handling an infected animal or its body fluids.
Symptoms of RBF can vary depending on the severity of the infection, but typically include fever, chills, headache, muscle and joint pain, rash, vomiting, and swelling around the site of the bite or scratch. In some cases, the infection can lead to more serious complications, such as meningitis or endocarditis.
Diagnosis of RBF is typically made through blood tests and/or cultures from the infected area. Treatment involves antibiotics, such as penicillin or doxycycline, and supportive care for any symptoms.
Prevention of RBF involves avoiding contact with rodents and their excrement, wearing protective clothing when handling rodents or working in areas where rodents are present, and promptly washing any bite or scratch wounds with soap and water.
If you suspect that you have been exposed to an infected rodent or are experiencing symptoms of RBF, it is important to seek medical attention right away. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent more serious complications from occurring.