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Middle ear infections, also known as otitis media, are a common condition that occurs when the space behind the eardrum becomes inflamed or infected. It is most common in children, but can also occur in adults.
Symptoms of middle ear infections can include ear pain, fever, difficulty hearing, drainage from the ear, and irritability in young children. The infection is often caused by bacteria or viruses that have spread from the nose or throat up the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the nose.
Treatment for middle ear infections may involve antibiotics, pain relievers, and decongestants. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary, particularly if there is a buildup of fluid in the middle ear that is not resolving with other treatments.
Prevention of middle ear infections involves minimizing exposure to upper respiratory infections, such as colds and flu, and avoiding secondhand smoke, which can increase the risk of infection. Additionally, breastfeeding for at least the first six months of life has been shown to reduce the incidence of ear infections in infants. Vaccination against certain bacterial and viral infections, such as pneumococcal and influenza, may also be recommended to reduce the risk of middle ear infections.