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Iridocyclitis, also known as anterior uveitis, is an inflammation of the iris (the colored part of the eye) and the ciliary body (the structure behind the iris that helps produce the fluid that fills the eye). It is a type of uveitis, which is inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that contains blood vessels and other structures.
Iridocyclitis can occur at any age and can affect one or both eyes. It can be acute (lasting less than six weeks) or chronic (lasting more than six weeks). It is more common in people with certain medical conditions, such as ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and sarcoidosis. It can also occur after an eye injury or as a side effect of certain medications.
Symptoms of iridocyclitis can include:
Diagnosis of iridocyclitis involves a comprehensive eye exam by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, including an examination of the iris and ciliary body. Additional tests, such as blood tests, X-rays, or a chest CT scan, may be ordered to help determine the underlying cause of the inflammation.
Treatment of iridocyclitis typically involves the use of topical or systemic corticosteroids to reduce inflammation. Additional medications, such as cycloplegics (which dilate the pupil and reduce pain) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may also be used. In some cases, treatment of the underlying condition causing the iridocyclitis may be necessary.
If left untreated, iridocyclitis can lead to complications such as glaucoma (increased pressure within the eye) or cataracts (clouding of the eye's natural lens). It is important to seek prompt medical attention if you experience any symptoms of iridocyclitis or any other eye problems.