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Haemoptysis is a medical term that refers to the coughing up of blood or blood-stained sputum from the lungs or airways. It is a symptom that can be caused by a variety of underlying medical conditions, ranging from mild to life-threatening.
Some common causes of haemoptysis include infections of the respiratory tract such as bronchitis or pneumonia, lung cancer, tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary fibrosis. Other less common causes include trauma, bleeding disorders, and autoimmune diseases.
Haemoptysis can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe depending on the amount of blood coughed up. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience haemoptysis, as it can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. Your doctor will perform a thorough physical examination and may order further tests such as a chest X-ray, CT scan, or bronchoscopy to determine the cause of the haemoptysis. Treatment will depend on the underlying condition causing the symptom.