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Gnathostomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of the Gnathostoma nematode, which is found in freshwater fish, eels, frogs, and birds. The infection occurs when humans ingest raw or undercooked infected fish or meat.
Symptoms of gnathostomiasis can vary depending on the location of the larvae in the body. Common symptoms include migratory subcutaneous nodules, itching, swelling, and abdominal pain. In severe cases, it can cause meningitis, encephalitis, and even death.
Diagnosis of gnathostomiasis is based on symptoms, travel history, and laboratory tests to detect the presence of antibodies to the parasite. Treatment typically involves medications such as albendazole or ivermectin to kill the larvae and manage symptoms.
Prevention of gnathostomiasis involves cooking fish and meat thoroughly, avoiding raw or undercooked food, and avoiding drinking untreated water. It is also important to practice good hygiene such as washing hands frequently, and to wear protective clothing and insect repellent when traveling to endemic areas.
If you suspect you have gnathostomiasis, it is important to seek prompt medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can help improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.