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Fatty liver, also known as hepatic steatosis, is a condition in which excess fat accumulates in liver cells. This can lead to inflammation, scarring, and eventually liver damage if left untreated.
The most common cause of fatty liver is excessive alcohol consumption. However, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is also common, and is often associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and other metabolic disorders. Other risk factors for fatty liver include high cholesterol levels, rapid weight loss, and certain medications or toxins.
Many people with fatty liver may not have any symptoms, but in some cases, symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, abdominal pain, and a general feeling of discomfort. If left untreated, fatty liver can progress to more serious liver diseases such as cirrhosis or liver failure.
Treatment for fatty liver typically involves lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, improving diet and exercise habits, and reducing alcohol intake or quitting alcohol altogether. Medications may also be prescribed to control underlying conditions such as high cholesterol or diabetes. In some cases, a liver biopsy may be necessary to evaluate the severity of liver damage.
Preventing fatty liver involves maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet low in saturated and trans fats, and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption. Regular exercise and routine check-ups with a healthcare provider can also help to prevent and manage fatty liver.