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Energy malnutrition, also known as protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), is a form of malnutrition that occurs when the body does not receive enough energy and/or protein to maintain normal growth and function. It is a serious condition that can lead to a range of health problems, including stunted growth, weakened immune system, and increased risk of infections.
There are two main types of energy malnutrition:
Energy malnutrition can occur due to a variety of factors, including poverty, food insecurity, limited access to healthcare, and poor feeding practices. Infants and young children are particularly vulnerable to energy malnutrition, as their bodies require significant amounts of energy and protein to support rapid growth and development.
Treatment for energy malnutrition typically involves providing the body with sufficient amounts of calories and protein through a combination of food and/or supplements. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required to provide intensive medical care and support. Prevention of energy malnutrition involves ensuring access to adequate food and nutrition, promoting healthy feeding practices, and addressing underlying social and economic factors that contribute to malnutrition.