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Diphtheria is a bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae that primarily affects the mucous membranes of the throat and nose. It can also affect the skin and other tissues.
Symptoms of diphtheria can include sore throat, fever, difficulty swallowing, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, a thick gray membrane covering the back of the throat or tonsils, and difficulty breathing. The membrane can cause a blockage in the airway, which can be life-threatening.
Diphtheria is spread through respiratory droplets, close contact with an infected person, or contact with objects or surfaces contaminated with the bacteria. It can be prevented with vaccination, which is typically given in childhood as part of routine immunizations.
Treatment for diphtheria includes antitoxin to neutralize the toxin produced by the bacteria, antibiotics to kill the bacteria, and supportive care such as fluids and oxygen therapy. It is important to seek medical attention promptly if diphtheria is suspected, as the disease can progress quickly and be life-threatening.