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Cavities, also known as dental caries or tooth decay, are areas of the tooth that have been damaged and have begun to break down or decay. Cavities can occur in people of all ages and are one of the most common dental problems.
Cavities are caused by bacteria in the mouth that produce acids that erode tooth enamel, the hard outer layer of the tooth. Poor oral hygiene, a diet high in sugar and carbohydrates, and a lack of fluoride can increase the risk of developing cavities.
The symptoms of cavities can include:
If left untreated, cavities can cause more serious dental problems such as infection, abscess, and even tooth loss.
The treatment for cavities typically involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth and filling the space with a dental filling. In more severe cases, a root canal or extraction may be necessary.
Preventing cavities is the best way to avoid the need for treatment. Good oral hygiene habits, such as brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and using mouthwash, can help remove plaque and bacteria from the teeth and gums. A healthy diet that is low in sugar and carbohydrates can also help reduce the risk of cavities. Additionally, regular dental check-ups and cleanings can help detect cavities early and prevent further damage to the teeth.