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Blastocystis hominis is a protozoan parasite that can infect the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Infection with Blastocystis hominis is known as blastocystosis.
Blastocystosis is common worldwide, but it is more prevalent in developing countries where poor sanitation and hygiene are common. The most common mode of transmission is through contaminated food and water.
Symptoms of Blastocystis hominis infection vary widely and can range from asymptomatic to severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, and flatulence. In some cases, the infection may be chronic, lasting for months or years.
Diagnosis of Blastocystis hominis infection is usually made by examining stool samples for the presence of the parasite. Treatment of the infection depends on the severity of symptoms, and the choice of drug may vary based on local resistance patterns. Metronidazole, tinidazole, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are commonly used to treat blastocystosis.
Prevention of Blastocystis hominis infection includes practicing good hygiene, avoiding contaminated food and water, and ensuring proper sanitation practices.