“May all be happy, may all be healed, may all be at peace and may no one ever suffer."
Antibiotic-associated colitis, also known as antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) or Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection, is a condition characterized by inflammation of the colon or large intestine due to the use of antibiotics. Antibiotics can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the gut, allowing C. difficile to grow and produce toxins that cause inflammation and damage to the intestinal lining.
Symptoms of antibiotic-associated colitis can range from mild to severe and may include diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramping, fever, and blood or mucus in the stool. In severe cases, the infection can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and even sepsis.
The diagnosis of antibiotic-associated colitis may involve a stool sample analysis to detect the presence of C. difficile toxins, along with a colonoscopy or other imaging tests to evaluate the extent of inflammation and damage to the colon.
Treatment for antibiotic-associated colitis typically involves stopping the use of the offending antibiotic and starting a course of antibiotics specifically targeted against C. difficile, such as metronidazole or vancomycin. Probiotics may also be recommended to restore the balance of bacteria in the gut. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for supportive care, such as intravenous fluids, electrolyte replacement, and in some cases, surgery.
Prevention of antibiotic-associated colitis involves judicious use of antibiotics and proper hygiene practices, such as handwashing and disinfecting surfaces in healthcare settings. It is important to report any symptoms of diarrhea or abdominal pain to a healthcare provider, particularly if they occur during or after a course of antibiotics.