Allergic and inflammatory conditions of the ear refer to a group of disorders that affect the outer, middle, or inner ear and are caused by allergic or inflammatory reactions. These conditions can range from mild to severe and can cause discomfort, pain, hearing loss, and other symptoms.
Some common allergic and inflammatory conditions of the ear include:
- Otitis media: inflammation of the middle ear, which is often caused by a bacterial or viral infection. It can cause pain, fever, and sometimes hearing loss.
- Otitis externa: inflammation of the outer ear canal, also known as "swimmer's ear," which is often caused by bacterial or fungal infection. Symptoms include ear pain, redness, swelling, and itching.
- Eustachian tube dysfunction: a condition in which the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the throat, doesn't function properly, causing fluid buildup and pressure in the middle ear. It can cause ear pain, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear.
- Meniere's disease: a disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo (a spinning sensation), tinnitus (ringing in the ear), and hearing loss. The exact cause of Meniere's disease is unknown, but it may be related to allergies or autoimmune disorders.
Treatment for allergic and inflammatory conditions of the ear depends on the specific condition and severity of symptoms. It may include medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, and antibiotics, as well as lifestyle changes such as avoiding allergens or irritants that trigger symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.