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Achalasia - Generics
Achalasia is a rare disorder that affects the ability of the esophagus to move food and liquid into the stomach. It is caused by damage to the nerves in the esophagus, which can result in difficulty swallowing, regurgitation of food, and chest pain.
The symptoms of achalasia can vary in severity, but typically include:
- Difficulty swallowing, particularly with solid foods
- Regurgitation of food, especially at night when lying down
- Chest pain or discomfort, particularly after eating
- Unintentional weight loss
The exact cause of achalasia is unknown, but it is believed to be related to an autoimmune response or a viral infection that damages the nerves in the esophagus. It can also be hereditary in some cases.
Diagnosis of achalasia typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests, such as an endoscopy or esophageal manometry, which measures the muscle activity in the esophagus. Treatment for achalasia can involve medications, such as calcium channel blockers or nitrates, to help relax the muscles in the esophagus, or surgery to dilate or remove the affected area of the esophagus. In some cases, a minimally invasive procedure called laparoscopic myotomy may be recommended, which involves cutting the muscles in the lower esophagus to help improve swallowing function.
It is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing symptoms of achalasia, as it can lead to complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, and lung infections.
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