Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition that occurs when the bronchial tubes in the lungs become damaged and widened, leading to a buildup of mucus and bacteria. This can cause recurring lung infections, difficulty breathing, and other respiratory symptoms.

The condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including chronic lung infections, autoimmune disorders, and genetic conditions. It can also be associated with conditions such as cystic fibrosis or primary ciliary dyskinesia.

The symptoms of bronchiectasis can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but may include:

• Chronic cough, which may produce mucus
• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing or a whistling sound when breathing
• Recurring lung infections
• Chest pain or tightness
• Fatigue

Diagnosis of bronchiectasis often involves a combination of imaging tests, such as a chest CT scan, as well as pulmonary function tests to assess lung function.

Treatment for bronchiectasis typically involves a combination of medication and lifestyle changes. Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat infections, and bronchodilators may be used to open up the airways and improve breathing. In some cases, mucus-clearing techniques such as chest physiotherapy or breathing exercises may be recommended.

In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged portions of the lungs or to treat complications such as excessive bleeding.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience persistent respiratory symptoms, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes for individuals with bronchiectasis.