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Scleritis is a rare but serious inflammatory condition that affects the sclera, the white outer coating of the eye. It can cause redness, pain, and swelling in the affected eye, and can lead to vision loss if left untreated.
There are different types of scleritis, classified based on their severity and location on the sclera. Anterior scleritis is the most common type and affects the front part of the eye, while posterior scleritis affects the back part of the eye and can be more difficult to diagnose.
Scleritis is typically diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, which may include imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan. Treatment may involve the use of corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory medications to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms. In some cases, immunosuppressive drugs may also be prescribed to control the underlying inflammatory process.
In addition to medication, lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and managing any underlying medical conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus can also help manage scleritis and prevent complications. Regular eye exams are also important for monitoring the condition and preventing vision loss.