Nail fungal infections, also known as onychomycosis, are a common condition caused by fungal organisms such as dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds. These organisms can infect the nails, causing them to become discolored, thickened, brittle, and distorted in shape.
Treatment of nail fungal infections may include:
- Topical antifungal agents: These medications are applied directly to the infected nail, and include drugs such as ciclopirox, amorolfine, and efinaconazole. They are usually applied daily for several months, and may take up to a year to completely eradicate the infection.
- Oral antifungal agents: These medications are taken orally, and include drugs such as terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole. They are typically prescribed for several months and are more effective than topical agents. However, they can have side effects and may interact with other medications, so close monitoring by a healthcare professional is required.
- Laser therapy: This involves the use of laser light to heat and destroy the fungal cells in the infected nail. This treatment is relatively new and may not be covered by insurance.
- Surgical removal: In severe cases, surgical removal of the nail may be necessary to treat the infection. This is typically a last resort, as it is a painful and invasive procedure.
Prevention of nail fungal infections can be achieved by practicing good hygiene, keeping nails clean and dry, wearing shoes that fit properly and allow for air circulation, and avoiding walking barefoot in public places. If you suspect you have a nail fungal infection, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.