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Intra-abdominal infections refer to infections that occur within the abdominal cavity. They can be caused by a variety of bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites and can range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Common sources of intra-abdominal infections include the gastrointestinal tract, the genitourinary tract, and the biliary system.
Symptoms of intra-abdominal infections can include fever, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. In severe cases, patients may develop sepsis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by organ dysfunction, low blood pressure, and altered mental status.
Diagnosis of intra-abdominal infections typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) or ultrasound. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and may include surgical intervention, such as drainage of abscesses or removal of infected tissue.
Prevention of intra-abdominal infections includes proper hygiene, such as washing hands frequently and avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces, as well as proper management of underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Prompt medical attention is important if symptoms of an intra-abdominal infection occur, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent serious complications.