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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) - Generics
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. AMD is a leading cause of vision loss among people over the age of 50.
The exact cause of AMD is not known, but risk factors include aging, smoking, a family history of the disease, high blood pressure, and obesity. There are two types of AMD: dry and wet.
Dry AMD is the more common form, accounting for about 80-90% of cases. It is caused by the gradual breakdown of cells in the macula, resulting in the development of small, yellowish deposits called drusen. Over time, this can lead to a gradual loss of central vision.
Wet AMD is less common, but more severe. It is caused by the growth of abnormal blood vessels underneath the macula, which can leak fluid and blood into the retina, causing rapid and severe vision loss.
Diagnosis of AMD typically involves a comprehensive eye exam, including a dilated eye exam and imaging tests, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography.
Treatment for AMD depends on the type and severity of the disease. There is no cure for AMD, but certain treatments can help slow the progression of the disease and improve vision. These may include:
- Antioxidant supplements to slow the progression of dry AMD
- Anti-VEGF medications injected directly into the eye to stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels in wet AMD
- Laser therapy to seal leaking blood vessels in wet AMD
It is important for individuals at risk for AMD to have regular eye exams and to work closely with their eye doctor to monitor their vision and manage their condition.
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Age-related macular degeneration, AMD, বয়স সম্পর্কিত ম্যাকুলার অবক্ষয়, এএমডি
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