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Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
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Parathyroid glands - Diseases

The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands located in the neck, typically four in number and usually located behind the thyroid gland. They secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), which helps regulate the level of calcium in the blood.

The parathyroid glands play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. PTH increases the level of calcium in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from bones, increasing the reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys, and increasing the absorption of calcium from the intestine.

If the parathyroid glands produce too much PTH, a condition known as hyperparathyroidism may occur, which can cause high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia). This can lead to a variety of symptoms, such as weakness, fatigue, bone pain, kidney stones, and osteoporosis. On the other hand, if the parathyroid glands produce too little PTH, a condition known as hypoparathyroidism may occur, which can lead to low levels of calcium in the blood (hypocalcemia) and cause muscle cramps, seizures, and other symptoms.


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