Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare disorder that is characterized by high levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissues. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a role in the body's immune response.

HES can be primary, meaning that it is not associated with any underlying medical condition, or secondary, meaning that it is associated with another medical condition or exposure to certain medications or toxins. Some of the underlying medical conditions that can be associated with HES include autoimmune disorders, parasitic infections, and some types of cancers.

Symptoms of HES can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the organs that are affected. Some common symptoms may include fever, fatigue, weight loss, skin rashes, and swelling of the lymph nodes or spleen. In more severe cases, HES can cause damage to the heart, lungs, or other organs.

Treatment for HES typically involves the use of medications that help reduce the number of eosinophils in the blood, such as corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs. In some cases, other treatments may be necessary, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of HES, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. HES can be a serious condition, and prompt treatment can help improve outcomes.

Some varieties of hypereosinophilic syndrome tend to run in families. Other types have been associated with certain types of cancers, infections or other health problems.

Treatment for hypereosinophilic syndrome is aimed at reducing your eosinophil count to prevent tissue damage, especially to your heart. Specific treatment depends on your symptoms, the severity of your condition and the cause of your HES.

If you have no symptoms and your eosinophil count is low enough, you might require no treatment other than close monitoring for any changes related to HES.

Medications

Systemic corticosteroids, such as prednisone, are the first line treatment. Other treatment options include:

• Hydroxyurea (Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos)
• Imatinib (Gleevec)
• Vincristine

Because HES can increase your risk of blood clots, you might also be prescribed blood-thinning medications such as warfarin (Coumadin).

Surgery and other procedures

If nothing else has worked, your doctor might suggest a stem cell or bone marrow transplant.